Amyloid deposition refers to the accumulation of amyloid proteins, specifically amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, in various tissues and organs throughout the body. In the context of neuroscience and neuroimaging, amyloid deposition commonly refers to the accumulation of Aβ plaques in the brain, which is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and some other neurodegenerative disorders. In AD, abnormal accumulation of Aβ peptides leads to the formation of plaques, which disrupt neuronal function and contribute to neurodegeneration. Imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) using radioligands targeting Aβ can detect and quantify amyloid deposition in the brain.